Ngesinye isikhathi, u-Edison, njengomqambi omkhulu kwiincwadi zezifundo, ubesoloko endwendwela rhoqo ekuqulunqweni kweprayimari.

kunye nabafundi besikolo esiphakathi.UTesla, kwelinye icala, wayehlala enobuso obungacacanga, kwaye kwakusesikolweni esiphakamileyo kuphela

wadibana neyunithi ebizwa ngegama lakhe kwiklasi yefiziksi.

Kodwa ngokusasazeka kwe-Intanethi, u-Edison uye wakhula ngakumbi, kwaye uTesla uye waba yinto engaqondakaliyo.

isazinzulu ngokuhambelana no-Einstein ezingqondweni zabantu abaninzi.Izikhalazo zabo nazo ziye zaba ngundaba-mlonyeni ezitratweni.

Namhlanje sizakuqala ngemfazwe yangoku yombane eqhamuke phakathi kwezi zibini.Asiyi kuthetha ngeshishini okanye ngabantu

iintliziyo, kodwa thetha kuphela ngezi zibakala eziqhelekileyo nezinomdla ezivela kwimigaqo yobugcisa.

Njengoko sonke sisazi, kwimfazwe ekhoyo phakathi kukaTesla no-Edison, u-Edison wamoyisa ngokwakhe uTesla, kodwa ekugqibeleni.

lusilele ngokobuchwephesha, kwaye umsinga otshintshisanayo waba yeyona nto ingaphezulu kwenkqubo yamandla.Ngoku abantwana bayayazi loo nto

Amandla e-AC asetyenziswa ekhaya, kutheni ke u-Edison ekhethe amandla e-DC?Imele njani inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla e-AC

nguTesla wabetha i-DC?

Ngaphambi kokuba sithethe ngale miba, kufuneka siqale sicacise ukuba uTesla akanguye umqambi we-alternating current.Faraday

wayesazi indlela yokuvelisa umsinga otshintshileyo xa wayefunda isenzeko sokungeniswa kombane ngo-1831,

ngaphambi kokuba uTesla azalwe.Ngexesha uTesla wayesekwishumi elivisayo, ii-alternators ezinkulu zazikho.

Enyanisweni, into eyenziwa nguTesla yayisondele kakhulu kwiWatt, eyayikuphucula i-alternator ukuze ifaneleke ngakumbi kwizinga elikhulu.

Iinkqubo zamandla e-AC.Le yenye yezinto ezibe negalelo ekuphumeleleni kwenkqubo ye-AC kwimfazwe yangoku.Ngokufanayo,

U-Edison wayengenguye umqambi weejeneretha zangoku kunye nezithe ngqo, kodwa wadlala indima ebalulekileyo

ukukhuthazwa kwangoku ngqo.

Ke ngoko, akusiyo imfazwe enkulu phakathi kukaTesla no-Edison njengoko kuyimfazwe phakathi kweenkqubo ezimbini zokubonelela ngombane kunye neshishini.

amaqela emva kwabo.

PS: Kwinkqubo yokujonga ulwazi, ndiye ndabona ukuba abanye abantu bathi uRaday waqulunqa ialternator yokuqala yehlabathi –

iidiskhi generator.Enyanisweni, le ngxelo ayilunganga.Inokubonwa kumzobo wesikimu ukuba i-disc generator a

DC generator.

Kutheni u-Edison ekhetha okwangoku ngqo

Inkqubo yamandla inokwahlulwa ngokulula ibe ngamacandelo amathathu: ukuveliswa kwamandla (ijenereyitha) – ukuhanjiswa kwamandla (ukusasazwa)

(iinguqu,imigca, utshintsho, njl.) - ukusetyenziswa kwamandla (izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zombane).

Ngexesha lika-Edison (1980s), inkqubo yamandla ye-DC yayinejenereyitha ye-DC esele ikhulile yokuvelisa umbane, kwaye kwakungekho siguquli sifunekayo.

ngenxaukuhanjiswa kombane, okoko nje iingcingo zifakiwe.

Ngokuphathelele umthwalo, ngelo xesha wonke umntu wayesebenzisa umbane kwimisebenzi emibini, ukukhanyisa kunye nokuqhuba iimotor.Ngezibane ze-incandescent

esetyenziselwa ukukhanyisa,okoko umbane uzinzile, akukhathaliseki nokuba yi-DC okanye yi-AC.Ngokuphathelele iimoto, ngenxa yezizathu zobugcisa,

Iinjini ze-AC azikasetyenziswangokurhweba, kwaye wonke umntu usebenzisa iinjini zeDC.Kule meko, inkqubo yamandla yeDC ingaba

wathi iindlela zombini.Ngaphezu koko, okwangoku ngqo kunenzuzo yokuba umsinga otshintshisayo awunakuhambelana, kwaye ikulungele ukugcinwa,

okoko kukho ibhetri,inokugcinwa.Ukuba inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla iyasilela, inokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwibhetri ukuze ibonelele ngombane

imeko yonxunguphalo.Eyethu isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyoInkqubo ye-UPS yibhetri ye-DC eneneni, kodwa iguqulwa ibe ngamandla e-AC ekupheleni kwemveliso

ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji yamandla e-elektroniki.Nkqu nezityalo zombanekunye nezikhululo ezincinci kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngeebhetri ze-DC ukuqinisekisa umbane

ukubonelelwa kwezixhobo eziphambili.

Ke, kwakukhangeleka njani ukutshintshisana kwangoku ngelo xesha?Kunokuthiwa akukho mntu unokulwa.Iijenereyitha ze-AC ezikhulileyo - azikho;

iziguquli zokuhambisa amandla - ukusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi kakhulu (ukungafuni kunye nokuvuza okubangelwa yi-linear iron core structure inkulu);

kubasebenzisi,ukuba iinjini ze-DC ziqhagamshelwe kumandla we-AC, ziya kuhlala ziphantse, zinokuthathwa njengohombiso kuphela.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngamava omsebenzisi - uzinzo lonikezelo lwamandla lubi kakhulu.Ayinakugcinwa kuphela umsinga otshintshanayo

njengokuba ngqoyangoku, kodwa inkqubo yangoku etshintshanayo isebenzisa imithwalo yothotho ngelo xesha, kwaye ukongeza okanye ukususa umthwalo kumgca

yenza utshintsho kwiamandla ombane kuwo wonke umgca.Akukho mntu ufuna iiglowubhu zabo zilayite xa izibane ezisecaleni zivuliwe kwaye zicinyiwe.

Ukutshintshana kwangoku kwavela njani

Itekhnoloji iyaphuhliswa, kwaye kungekudala, kwi-1884, abantu baseHungary baqulunqa i-high-effective-coloc-core transformer.Undoqo wentsimbi ye

le transformeryenza isiphaluka esipheleleyo samagnetic, esinokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-transformer kunye nokuphepha ukulahlekelwa kwamandla.

Ngokusisiseko iyafanaUlwakhiwo njenge-transformer esiyisebenzisayo namhlanje.Imiba yozinzo nayo iyasonjululwa njengoko inkqubo yokubonelela ngothotho injalo

endaweni yayo yinkqubo yonikezelo ehambelanayo.Ngala mathuba, uTesla ekugqibeleni wafika kwindawo, kwaye wayila i-alternator esebenzayo

enokusetyenziswa ngolu hlobo lutsha lwesiguquli.Ngapha koko, ngaxeshanye noTesla, bekukho uninzi lwamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza

ukuya kwii-alternators, kodwa uTesla wayeneenzuzo ezininzi, kwaye wayexatyiswa nguWestinghouse kwaye yakhuthazwa kwinqanaba elikhulu.

Ngokuphathelele imfuno yombane, ukuba akukho mfuno, ngoko udala imfuno.Inkqubo yamandla ye-AC yangaphambili yayikwinqanaba elinye le-AC,

kunye noTeslawayila imotor esebenzayo enezigaba ezininzi ze-AC, eyanika i-AC ithuba lokubonisa iitalente zayo.

Kukho izibonelelo ezininzi zokutshintshana kwamanqanaba amaninzi, njengesakhiwo esilula kunye nexabiso eliphantsi leentambo zothumelo kunye nombane.

izixhobo,kwaye eyona ikhethekileyo kukuqhutywa kweemoto.Umsinga otshintshayo wamanqanaba amaninzi wenziwe nge-sinusoidal alternating current nge

i-engile ethile yesigabaumahluko.Njengoko sonke sisazi, utshintsho lwangoku lunokuvelisa ukutshintsha kwemagnethi.Guqula ukutshintsha.Ukuba i

Ulungiselelo lufanelekile, imagnethiibala lizakujikeleziswa ngamaxesha athile.Ukuba isetyenziswe kwimoto, inokuqhuba i-rotor ukujikeleza,

eyinjini ye-AC enezigaba ezininzi.Imoto eyakhiwe nguTesla ngokusekwe kulo mgaqo ayifuni nokuba ibonelele ngemagnethi

i-rotor, eyenza lula kakhulu isakhiwokunye nexabiso lemoto.Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i-Musk's "Tesla" imoto yombane isebenzisa i-AC asynchronous

iinjini, ngokungafaniyo neemoto zombane zelizwe lam ezisebenzisa kakhuluiinjini ze-synchronous.

Ukufika kwethu apha, safumanisa ukuba amandla e-AC ahambelana ne-DC malunga nokuveliswa kwamandla, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa,

yenyuka njani ukuya esibhakabhakeni kwaye yahlala kuyo yonke imarike yamandla?

Undoqo uxhomekeke kwiindleko.Umahluko kwilahleko kwinkqubo yosulelo kwezi zibini uye wandisa ngokupheleleyo umsantsa phakathi

Ukuhanjiswa kwe-DC kunye ne-AC.

Ukuba ufundile ulwazi olusisiseko lombane, uya kwazi ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwamandla omde, i-voltage ephantsi iya kukhokelela

ilahleko enkulu.Le lahleko ivela kubushushu obuveliswa kukuchasana komgca, okuya kwandisa iindleko zesityalo samandla ngaphandle kwento.

Umbane wemveliso ye-Edison's DC generator yi-110V.Loo mandla ombane aphantsi ngolo hlobo ufuna ukuba kufakwe isikhululo sombane kufutshane nomsebenzisi ngamnye.Kwi

iindawo ezinosetyenziso olukhulu lwamandla kunye nabasebenzisi abaxineneyo, uluhlu lonikezelo lwamandla luziikhilomitha nje ezimbalwa.Ngokomzekelo, u-Edison

yakha inkqubo yokuqala yonikezelo lwamandla e-DC eBeijing ngo-1882, eyayinokubonelela ngombane kuphela kubasebenzisi abangaphakathi kwe-1.5km ukujikeleza umzi-mveliso wamandla.

Singasathethi ke ngeendleko zeziseko ezingundoqo zemizi-mveliso emininzi yamandla, umthombo wamandla ombane uyingxaki enkulu.Ngela xesha,

ukuze kongiwe iindleko, kwakungcono ukwakha amaziko ombane kufuphi nemilambo, ukuze akwazi ukuvelisa umbane ngokuthe ngqo emanzini.Nangona kunjalo,

ukuze kubonelelwe ngombane kwiindawo ezikude nemithombo yamanzi, amandla obushushu kufuneka asetyenziswe ukuvelisa umbane, kunye neendleko

amalahle avuthayo nawo ande kakhulu.

Enye ingxaki ikwabangelwa kukuhanjiswa kwamandla omgama omde.Umgca omde, ukuchasana okukhulu, i-voltage eninzi

ukuhla kumgca, kwaye i-voltage yomsebenzisi ekupheleni okude kakhulu inokuba iphantsi kangangokuba ayinakusetyenziswa.Isisombululo kuphela kukwandisa

amandla ombane emveliso yeplanti yamandla, kodwa iya kubangela ukuba umbane wabasebenzisi abakufutshane ube phezulu kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka ndenze ntoni ukuba isixhobo

itshisiwe?

Akukho ngxaki enjalo ngokutshintshana kwangoku.Ngethuba nje i-transformer isetyenziselwa ukunyusa amandla ombane, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla amashumi

iikhilomitha akukho ngxaki.Inkqubo yokuqala yobonelelo lwamandla e-AC eMntla Melika inokusebenzisa amandla ombane angama-4000V ukunika amandla kubasebenzisi umgama oyi-21km.

Kamva, kusetyenziswa inkqubo yamandla ye-Westinghouse AC, kwakunokwenzeka ukuba i-Niagara Falls inike amandla i-Fabro, i-30 yeekhilomitha kude.

Ngelishwa, umsinga othe ngqo awunakunyuswa ngale ndlela.Ngenxa yokuba umgaqo owamkelwe yi-AC boost kukufakelwa kwe-electromagnetic,

ukubeka ngokulula, ukutshintsha kwangoku kwelinye icala le-transformer kuvelisa intsimi yamagnetic eguqukayo, kunye nentsimi yamagnetic

ivelisa amandla ombane aguqukayo (amandla ombane) kwelinye icala.Isitshixo sokuba i-transformer isebenze kukuba i-current kufuneka

utshintsho, nto leyo kanye DC ayinayo.

Emva kokudibana nolu thotho lweemeko zobugcisa, inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla e-AC yoyisa ngokupheleleyo amandla eDC kunye nexabiso layo eliphantsi.

Inkampani yamandla ka-Edison ye-DC yakhawuleza yahlengahlengiswa yaba yenye inkampani yombane eyaziwayo – iGeneral Electric yase-United States..