IJamani inyanzeleke ukuba iqale ngokutsha amaziko ombane ombane afakwe ngamalahle ngenxa yokunqongophala kwerhasi yendalo ngexesha lasebusika.

Kwangaxeshanye, phantsi kweempembelelo zemozulu embi, ingxaki yamandla, i-geopolitics kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi, amanye amazwe aseYurophu

baqalise ngokutsha ukwenziwa kombane wamalahle.Ukubona njani “ukubuya umva” kwamazwe amaninzi kumba wokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-emission?Kwi

umxholo wokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwamandla aluhlaza, indlela yokuphucula indima yamalahle, ukuphatha ngokufanelekileyo ubudlelwane phakathi kolawulo lwamalahle

kunye nokufezekisa iinjongo zemozulu, ukuphucula ukuzimela kwamandla kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamandla?NjengeNkomfa yama-28 yamaQela eManyano

INgqungquthela yeZizwe eziManyeneyo malunga noTshintsho lweMozulu sele iza kubanjwa, lo mba uphonononga iziphumo zokuqalisa ngokutsha umbane wamalahle ukuze

inguqu yamandla elizwe lam kunye nokuphumeza injongo “yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini”.

Ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni akukwazi ukunciphisa ukhuseleko lwamandla

Ukuqhubela phambili i-carbon peak kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni akuthethi ukuyeka amalahle.Ukuqala kabusha kweJamani amandla amalahle kusixelela ukuba ukhuseleko lwamandla

kufuneka ibe sezandleni zethu.

Kutshanje, iJamani igqibe ekubeni iqale iphinde ivale amaziko ombane asebenzisa amalahle ukunqanda ukunqongophala kwamandla kubusika obuzayo.Oku kubonisa

ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni yaseJamani kunye ne-EU iphela inike indawo kwiminqweno yezopolitiko nezoqoqosho.

Ukuqalisa kwakhona amandla amalahle yintshukumo engenakuzinceda

Ngaphambi nje kokuba kuqale ungquzulwano lwaseRussia-Ukrainian, i-European Union yasungula isicwangciso samandla esinebhongo esathembisa ngokubalulekileyo.

ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse kunye nokwandisa isabelo samandla ahlaziyekayo kumbane ukusuka kuma-40% ukuya kuma-45% ngowama-2030.

ikhabhoniUkukhutshwa kwe-55% ye-1990 ekhutshwayo, ukulahla ukuxhomekeka kumafutha aseRashiya e-fossil, kunye nokufezekisa ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngo-2050.

IJamani ibisoloko iyinkokeli ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwihlabathi jikelele.Ngo-2011, uChancellor waseJamani uMerkel wabhengeza oko

IJamani yayiza kuvala zonke izixhobo zamandla enyukliya ezili-17 ngo-2022.

ihlabathi liyeke ukuvelisa amandla enyukliya kwiminyaka engama-25 edlulileyo.NgoJanuwari 2019, iKomishoni yokurhoxiswa kwamalahle yaseJamani yabhengeza

ukuba onke amaziko ombane okubaselwa ngamalahle aya kuvalwa ngowama-2038.

amanqanaba okukhutshwa kwe-2020, afezekise injongo yokunciphisa i-55% ngo-2030, kwaye afezekise ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kwishishini lamandla ngo-2035, oko kukuthi,

umlinganiselo wokuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo i-100%, ukuphumeza ukungathathi hlangothi okupheleleyo kwekhabhoni ngo-2045. Hayi kuphela iJamani, kodwa kunye nabaninzi.

Amazwe aseYurophu athembise ukuphelisa amalahle ngokukhawuleza ukuze kuncitshiswe ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside.Umzekelo,

I-Italiya ithembise ukuba iza kuwaphelisa amalahle ngo-2025, kwaye iNetherlands ithembise ukuba iza kuwaphelisa amalahle ngo-2030.

Nangona kunjalo, emva kwengxabano yaseRussia-Ukraine, i-EU, ngakumbi iJamani, kwafuneka yenze uhlengahlengiso olukhulu ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.

umgaqo-nkqubo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokujongana neRussia.

Ukususela ngoJuni ukuya kuJulayi ka-2022, iNtlanganiso yabaPhathiswa bezaMandla e-EU iye yahlaziya i-2030 ekujoliswe kuyo yesabelo samandla ahlaziyekayo ibuyele kwi-40%.NgoJulayi 8, 2022,

IPalamente yaseJamani yarhoxisa usukelo lwe-100% yokuveliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo ngo-2035, kodwa injongo yokuphumeza ngokupheleleyo.

ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kwi-2045 kuhlala kungatshintshi.Ukuze kulinganiswe, umlinganiselo wamandla ahlaziyekayo ngo-2030 nawo uya kwandiswa.

Oko bekujoliswe kuko kunyuswe ukusuka kuma-65% ukuya kuma-80%.

IJamani ithembele kakhulu kumandla wamalahle kunolunye uqoqosho oluphuhlileyo lwaseNtshona.Ngo-2021, ukuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo eJamani

ibalelwa kuma-40.9% ombane uwonke kwaye iye yaba ngowona mthombo ubalulekileyo wombane, kodwa umlinganiselo wamalahle

amandla ngowesibini kuphela kumandla ahlaziyekayo.Emva kwengxabano yaseRussia-Ukraine, ukuveliswa kwamandla egesi yendalo yaseJamani kwaqhubeka ukuhla.

ukusuka kwincopho ye-16.5% ngo-2020 ukuya kwi-13.8% ngo-2022. Ngo-2022, ukuveliswa kwamandla amalahle eJamani kuya kuvuka kwakhona ukuya kwi-33.3% emva kokuwela ukuya kuma-30%

Ngowama-2019. Ngenxa yokungaqiniseki okungqonge ukuveliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, ukwenziwa kombane ngamalahle kuhlala kubaluleke kakhulu eJamani.

IJamani ayinakukhetha ngaphandle kokuphinda iqalise amandla amalahle.Kuhlalutyo lokugqibela, i-EU yabeka izohlwayo eRashiya kwintsimi yamandla emva kwe

Ingxabano yaseRashiya-Ukraine, eyabangela amaxabiso aphezulu egesi yendalo.IJamani ayinakumelana noxinzelelo oluziswe yindalo enexabiso eliphezulu

igesi ixesha elide, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukukhuphisana kwishishini lokuvelisa eJamani kuqhubeka ukwanda.ukuhla kunye noqoqosho

kukudodobala koqoqosho.

Hayi kuphela iJamani, kodwa iYurophu iphinda iqalise amandla amalahle.NgoJuni 20, 2022, urhulumente waseDatshi wathi ephendula amandla

ingxaki, iya kuphakamisa i-cap yemveliso kwizityalo zamandla ezibaselwe ngamalahle.I-Netherlands ngaphambili yanyanzela amaziko ombane okubaselwa ngamalahle ukuba asebenze kwi-35%

oyena mthombo wamandla uphezulu ukucutha ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside.Emva kokuba i-cap kwimveliso yamandla enziwe ngamalahle iphakanyisiwe, iiplanti zamandla ezibaswa ngamalahle

inokusebenza ngokupheleleyo kude kube ngu-2024, igcina igesi yendalo eninzi.I-Austria lilizwe lesibini laseYurophu ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo amalahle

ukuveliswa kwamandla, kodwa ingenisa i-80% yegesi yendalo evela eRashiya.Ejongene nokunqongophala kwegesi yendalo, urhulumente waseOstriya kwafuneka enjenjalo

qalisa ngokutsha umzi-mveliso wamandla wamalahle owawucinyiwe.Nditsho neFransi, exhomekeke ikakhulu kumandla enyukliya, ilungiselela ukuqalisa kwakhona amalahle

amandla okuqinisekisa unikezelo lwamandla oluzinzileyo.

I-United States nayo "ibuyela umva" kwindlela eya kwi-carbon neutral.Ukuba iUnited States iza kuhlangabezana neenjongo zeSivumelwano saseParis, kufuneka

ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ubuncinane ngama-57% kwiminyaka eli-10.Urhulumente wase-US ubeke injongo yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ukuya kwi-50% ukuya kwi-52%.

yamanqanaba ka-2005 ngo-2030. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunyuke nge-6.5% ngo-2021 kunye ne-1.3% ngo-2022.