Isikhululo sokuguqula iHVDC

I-substation, indawo apho i-voltage iguqulwa khona.Ukuze udlulise amandla ombane aveliswa kwindawo ekude, amandla ombane kufuneka

yandiswe kwaye iguqulwe ibe yivolthi ephezulu, kwaye ke amandla ombane kufuneka ancitshiswe njengoko kufuneka kufutshane nomsebenzisi.Lo msebenzi wokunyuka nokuhla kwamandla ombane unjalo

igqitywe sisitishi.Isixhobo esiphambili se-substation sitshintshi kunye ne-transformer.

Ngokomlinganiselo, ezincinci zibizwa ngokuba zizikhululo.Isikhululo esingaphantsi sikhulu kunesikhululo.

Isitishi esincinci: isitishi esisezantsi ngokubanzi esinomgangatho wombane ongaphantsi kwe-110KV;Isitishi esingaphantsi: kubandakanywa izitishi “ezokunyuka nokuhla” ze

amanqanaba ombane ahlukeneyo.

Isitishi sisixhobo samandla kwinkqubo yamandla eguqula amandla ombane, ifumane kwaye isasaze amandla ombane, ilawula icala lamandla.

ukuhamba kunye nokulungelelanisa i-voltage.Idibanisa igridi yamandla kuwo onke amanqanaba ombane ngokusebenzisa i-transformer yayo.

I-substation yinkqubo yokuguqulwa komgangatho wombane we-AC (i-voltage ephezulu - i-low voltage; i-low voltage - high voltage);Isitishi somguquleli yi

ukuguqulwa phakathi kwe-AC kunye ne-DC (AC ukuya kwi-DC; i-DC ukuya kwi-AC).

Isikhululo sokulungisa kunye nesikhululo sokuguqula i-HVDC sibizwa ngokuba zizikhululo zokuguqula;Isikhululo sokulungisa siguqula amandla e-AC abe ngamandla eDC

imveliso, kunye nesikhululo soguqulo siguqula amandla eDC abuyele kumandla e-AC.Isikhululo sokuguqula umva kukudibanisa isikhululo sokulungisa kunye ne-inverter

Isikhululo se-HVDC sothumelo kwisikhululo sokuguqula esinye, kwaye ugqibezele inkqubo yokuguqula i-AC ukuya kwi-DC kunye ne-DC kwi-AC kwindawo enye.

Izinto eziluncedo kwisikhululo somguquleli

1. Xa uhambisa amandla afanayo, ixabiso lomgca liphantsi: imigca yokudlulisa i-AC idla ngokusetyenziswa ii-conductors ezi-3, ngelixa i-DC idinga kuphela i-1 (i-pole enye) okanye i-2.

(ipali ephindwe kabini) abaqhubi.Ke ngoko, ukuhanjiswa kweDC kunokonga izinto ezininzi zothumelo, kodwa kunciphise iindleko ezininzi zothutho kunye nokufakwa.

2. Ukulahlekelwa kwamandla asebenzayo okuphantsi komgca: ngenxa yokuba i-conductor enye kuphela okanye ezimbini zisetyenziswa kumgca we-DC ongaphezulu, ukulahleka kwamandla asebenzayo kuncinci kwaye "kuhlawulela indawo"

isiphumo.Ilahleko yayo ye-corona kunye nokuphazamiseka koonomathotholo kuncinci kunezo zomgca we-AC ongaphezulu.

3. Ifanelekile ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi: phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zetsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela, umbane osebenzayo ovumelekileyo phantsi kwe-DC.

malunga namaxesha ama-3 aphezulu kunoko phantsi kwe-AC.Amandla ahanjiswa yintambo yentambo ye-DC ene-2 ​​cores inkulu kakhulu kunaleyo ihanjiswa yintambo yentambo ye-AC ene-3.

iicores.Ngexesha lokusebenza, akukho lahleko lokungeniswa kwamagnetic.Xa isetyenziselwa i-DC, ngokusisiseko kuphela ilahleko yokumelana nocingo olungundoqo, kunye nokuguga kokugquma.

nayo iyacotha kakhulu, kwaye ubomi benkonzo bude ngokuhambelanayo.

4. Ukuzinza kwenkqubo: Kwinkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwe-AC, zonke iijeneretha ezihambelanayo ezixhunywe kwisistim samandla kufuneka zigcine ukusebenza kwe-synchronous.Ukuba umgca we-DC

isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iinkqubo ezimbini ze-AC, kuba umgca we-DC awunakusabela, ingxaki yozinzo engentla ayikho, oko kukuthi, ukuhanjiswa kwe-DC akunqunyelwe

umgama wothumelo.

5. Inokunciphisa i-short circuit current ye-system: xa udibanisa iisistim ezimbini ze-AC kunye ne-AC transmission lines, i-short circuit current iya kwanda ngenxa

ukwanda komthamo wenkqubo, enokugqithisa umthamo wokuqhawula ngokukhawuleza we-breaker circuit yasekuqaleni, efuna ukutshintshwa kwenani elikhulu lezixhobo kunye

ukwandisa isixa esikhulu sotyalo-mali.Ezi ngxaki zingentla azikho kuthumelo lweDC.

6. Isantya solawulo olukhawulezayo kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo: Ukuhanjiswa kwe-DC ngokulula kwaye ngokukhawuleza kuhlengahlengise amandla asebenzayo kunye nokuqonda ukuguqulwa kwamandla ombane ngokuguqula i-thyristor.

Ukuba umgca we-bipolar wamkelwa, xa enye ipali ingaphumeleli, enye ipali isenokusebenzisa umhlaba okanye amanzi njengesekethe ukuqhubeka nokuhambisa isiqingatha samandla, ekwaphucula kwakhona.

ukuthembeka komsebenzi.

Isitishi sokuguqula umva-umva

Isikhululo sokuguqulela esibuyela ngasemva sinezona mpawu zisisiseko zokuhanjiswa kwe-HVDC eqhelekileyo, kwaye inokuqonda unxibelelwano lwegridi esynchronous.Xa kuthelekiswa ne

Ukuhanjiswa kwe-DC eqhelekileyo, izibonelelo zesikhululo sokuguqula umva-umva zibalasele ngakumbi:

1. Akukho mgca we-DC kwaye ilahleko yecala le-DC incinci;

2. Amandla ombane aphantsi kunye nemowudi yokusebenza ephezulu yangoku inokukhethwa kwicala le-DC ukunciphisa inqanaba lokufakelwa kwe-converter, ivalve yokuguqula kunye nezinye ezinxulumeneyo.

izixhobo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko;

3. I-harmonics yecala le-DC inokulawulwa ngokupheleleyo kwiholo yevalve ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwisixhobo sonxibelelwano;

4. Isitishi sokuguqula asifuni i-electrode esezantsi, isihluzo se-DC, isibambisi se-DC, indawo yokutshintsha i-DC, i-DC carrier kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-DC, ngaloo ndlela igcina utyalo-mali.

xa kuthelekiswa nokuhanjiswa kwe-DC eqhelekileyo.