Amanqaku olwazi:

I-breaker circuit yinto ebalulekileyo yokulawula kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela kwizityalo zamandla kunye neendawo ezincinci.Ayinakunqumla kuphela kwaye ivale i-no-load yangoku

kunye nomthwalo wangoku wesekethe ephezulu ye-voltage, kodwa usebenzisana nesixhobo sokukhusela kunye nesixhobo esizenzekelayo ukunqumla ngokukhawuleza impazamo yangoku kwimeko

yokungaphumeleli kwenkqubo, ukwenzela ukunciphisa ububanzi bokungaphumeleli kwamandla, ukuthintela ukwanda kweengozi, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo.Ukususela ekuqaleni

Ngoo-1990, ii-oyile zokuqhawula iisekethe kwiinkqubo zamandla ngaphezu kwe-35kV e-China ziye zatshintshwa ngokuthe ngcembe yi-SF6 i-breaker circuit,.

1, Umgaqo osisiseko we-breaker circuit

I-breaker circuit sisixhobo sokutshintsha oomatshini kwisitishi esinokuvula, ukuvala, ukuthwala kunye nokuphula umthwalo wangoku phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zesekethe,

kwaye inokuthwala kwaye yaphule impazamo yangoku phantsi kweemeko zesekethe ezingaqhelekanga ngaphakathi kwexesha elithile.Igumbi lokucima i-arc yenye yezona zinto zininzi

iindawo ezibalulekileyo ze-breaker circuit, ezinokucima i-arc eyenziwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokucima izixhobo zamandla kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.

yenkqubo yamandla.Umgaqo wokucima i-arc ye-high-voltage ye-AC i-circuit breaker inqunywe yi-insulation medium esetyenziswayo.I-insulation eyahlukileyo

imidiya iya kwamkela imigaqo yokucima i-arc eyahlukileyo.Umgaqo ofanayo wokucima i-arc unokuba nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zokucima i-arc.I-arc-

igumbi lokucima of SF6 isaphuli sesekethe ikakhulu ibandakanya iintlobo ezimbini: uhlobo umoya ocinezelekileyo kunye nohlobo self-eneji.Ukucima umoya ocinezelweyo

igumbi lizaliswe nge-0 Ngegesi ye-SF6 ye-45MPa (i-20 ℃ yoxinzelelo lwe-gauge), ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvula, igumbi le-compressor lenza intshukumo ehambelanayo

i-piston ye-static, kunye negesi ekwigumbi lokuxinzelela i-compressor, yenza umahluko woxinzelelo kunye negesi ngaphandle kwe-cylinder.Uxinzelelo oluphezulu

Igesi ye-SF6 ivuthela ngamandla i-arc ngombhobho, inyanzela i-arc ukuba icime xa ikhoyo ngoku idlula i-zero.Xa ukuvulwa kugqityiwe, uxinzelelo

Umahluko uya kunyamalala ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uxinzelelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-compressor luya kubuyela kwibhalansi.Ngenxa yokuba ipiston emileyo ixhotyiswe ngetshekhi

ivalve, umahluko woxinzelelo xa uvala umncinci kakhulu.Isakhiwo esisisiseko se-self-energy arc igumbi lokucima liqulunqwe ngoqhagamshelwano oluphambili, olusisigxina

Unxibelelwano lwe-arc, umlomo, igumbi lokucinezela, unxibelelwano lwe-arc oluguqukayo, isilinda, igumbi lokwandisa i-thermal, ivalve yendlela enye, igumbi elincedisayo lokucinezela, uxinzelelo.

ivalve yokunciphisa kunye noxinzelelo lokunciphisa intwasahlobo.Ngethuba lokusebenza lokuvula, indlela yokusebenza iqhuba i-shaft yokuhambisa kunye nengalo yayo yangaphakathi ye-crank

kwinkxaso, ngaloo ndlela ukutsala intonga yokugquma, intonga yepiston, i-compressor chamber, ukudibanisa i-arc ehambayo, uqhagamshelwano oluphambili kunye nombhobho ukuya ezantsi.Xa i

Umnwe woqhagamshelwano olusisigxina kunye noqhagamshelwano oluphambili lwahluliwe, umsinga usahamba ecaleni koqhagamshelwano lwe-arc olumileyo kunye noqhagamshelwano lwe-arc olushukumayo olungahlukaniswanga.

Xa abafowunelwa be-arc abahambayo kunye ne-static bahlulwe, i-arc yenziwa phakathi kwabo.Ngaphambi kokuba unxibelelwano lwe-arc olumileyo lwahlulwe kumqala womqala,

ubushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa kukutsha kwe-arc Igesi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu iphumela kwigumbi lokucinezela kwaye ixube nerhasi ebandayo ekuyo, ngaloo ndlela iyanda.

uxinzelelo kwi-compressor room.Emva kokuba unxibelelwano lwe-arc olumileyo lwahluliwe kumqala womlomo, igesi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwigumbi lokuxinzelela

Ikhutshiwe kumqala womqala kunye ne-arc yokudibana komqala kumacala omabini ukucima i-arc.Ngexesha lokuvala umsebenzi, indlela yokusebenza

ishukuma kwicala lonxibelelwano olumileyo kunye nomfowunelwa oshukumayo, umlomo wombhobho kunye nepiston, kwaye unxibelelwano olungatshintshiyo lufakwe kwisitulo soqhagamshelwano esishukumayo ukwenza.

uqhagamshelwano oluhambayo kunye ne-static lunonxibelelwano oluhle lombane, ukwenzela ukuba ufezekise injongo yokuvala, njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo.

 
2, Ukuhlelwa kwee-breaker circuit

(1) Yahlulahlulwe yaba yi-oyile ye-circuit breaker, i-compressed air circuit breaker, i-vacuum circuit breaker kunye ne-SF6 i-circuit breaker ngokwe-arc yokucima umbane;

Nangona indawo yokucima i-arc ye-breaker yesekethe nganye yahlukile, umsebenzi wabo uyafana, oko kukuthi ukucima i-arc eyenziwe yi-arc.

i-breaker circuit ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvula, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zombane.

I-1) I-oil circuit breaker: sebenzisa ioli njenge-arc yokucima umbane.Xa i-arc itshisa kwioli, ioli ibola ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhuphe phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu

ye-arc, kwaye yenza amaqamza ajikeleze i-arc, enokuthi ipholise ngokufanelekileyo i-arc, inciphise i-arc gap conductivity, kwaye ikhuthaze i-arc ukucima.I-arc-

isixhobo sokucima (igumbi) sisetwe kwi-oyile yesiphaluka i-breaker ukwenza uqhagamshelwano phakathi kweoli kunye ne-arc ivale, kwaye uxinzelelo lwe-bubble luyanda.Xa umlomo

yegumbi lokucima i-arc livuliwe, igesi, ioli kunye nomphunga weoli zenza umlambo womoya kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi.Ngokwesakhiwo sesixhobo sokucima i-arc,

I-arc inokuvuthelwa ngokuthe tye kwi-arc ngokuthe tye, ingqamene ne-arc yobude, okanye idityaniswe ngokuthe nkqo nangokuthe tye, ukuphumeza eyomeleleyo nesebenzayo.

I-arc ivuthela kwi-arc, ngaloo ndlela ikhawuleza inkqubo ye-deionization, inciphisa ixesha le-arcing, kunye nokuphucula amandla okuphula i-breaker circuit.

I-2) I-breaker circuit air compressed: inkqubo yokucima i-arc igqityiwe kwi-nozzle ethile.Umbhobho usetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umoya ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu ukuvuthela i-arc

ukuze ukucima i-arc.Xa i-breaker circuit iphula isiphaluka, ukuhamba komoya okuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu okwenziwa ngumoya ocinezelweyo akuthathi nje kuphela isixa esikhulu

ubushushu kwi-arc gap, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ubushushu bomsantsa we-arc kunye nokuthintela uphuhliso lwe-thermal dissociation, kodwa ikwasusa ngokuthe ngqo inani elikhulu.

ye-ion elungileyo kunye nengalunganga kwi-gap ye-arc, kwaye igcwalise isithuba soqhagamshelwano ngomoya omtsha woxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukuze amandla omthombo we-gap abuyiselwe ngokukhawuleza.

Ke ngoko, xa kuthelekiswa ne-oyile ye-breaker circuit, i-air circuit breaker inamandla okuqhekeza kunye nesenzo esikhawulezayo Ixesha lokuqhawula lifutshane, kwaye

Umthamo wokuqhawula awuyi kuncitshiswa ekuvaleni ngokuzenzekelayo.

3) I-vacuum circuit breaker: sebenzisa i-vacuum njenge-insulation kunye ne-arc yokucima umbane.Xa i-breaker circuit inqanyuliwe, i-arc iyatshisa kwi-vapor yensimbi

eveliswa yimpahla yoqhagamshelwano yegumbi lokucima i-arc ye-vacuum, ebizwa ngokuba yi-vacuum arc ngokufutshane.Xa i-arc vacuum inqunyulwe, ngenxa yokuba

uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwekholomu ye-arc ihluke kakhulu, umphunga wensimbi kunye neengqungquthela ezihlawulisiweyo kwikholamu ye-arc ziya kuqhubeka zisasazeka ngaphandle.

Ingaphakathi lekholomu ye-arc kwibhalansi eguquguqukayo yokusasazwa kwangaphandle okuqhubekayo kwamasuntswana ahlawulweyo kunye nokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwamasuntswana amatsha.

ukusuka kwi-electrode.Njengoko ukuncipha kwangoku, ukuxinana komphunga wesinyithi kunye nokuxinana kwamasuntswana ahlawuliweyo kuncipha, kwaye ekugqibeleni kunyamalale xa umsinga usondele.

ukuya ku-zero, kwaye i-arc iyaphuma.Ngeli xesha, iinqununu eziseleyo zekholamu ye-arc ziyaqhubeka zisasazeka ngaphandle, kwaye amandla okufakelwa kwe-dielectric phakathi

iifractures zilulama ngokukhawuleza.Logama nje amandla e-dielectric insulation ebuyela ngokukhawuleza kunesantya sokunyuka kwe-voltage, i-arc iya kucinywa.

4) I-SF6 i-circuit breaker: Igesi ye-SF6 isetyenziswa njenge-insulation kunye ne-arc yokucima umbane.Igesi ye-SF6 yindawo yokucima i-arc efanelekileyo kunye ne-thermochemistry elungileyo kunye

umbane onamandla ongalunganga.

A. I-thermochemistry ithetha ukuba igesi ye-SF6 ineempawu ezilungileyo zokuqhuba ubushushu.Ngenxa ye-thermal conductivity ephezulu yegesi ye-SF6 kunye nobushushu obuphezulu

i-gradient kumphezulu we-arc core ngexesha lokutsha kwe-arc, umphumo wokupholisa ubalulekile, ngoko ke i-arc diameter incinci, evumela ukuba i-arc

ukuphela.Ngexesha elifanayo, i-SF6 inefuthe elinamandla lokuqhawula i-thermal kwi-arc kunye nokubola okwaneleyo kwe-thermal.Kukho inani elikhulu le-monomer

S, F kunye ion zabo kwiziko arc.Ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshisa i-arc, amandla afakwe kwi-arc gap yegridi yamandla iphantsi kakhulu kuneyesekethe.

ibreaker ngomoya kunye neoli njengesixhobo sokucima i-arc.Ngoko ke, izinto zoqhagamshelwano zincinci zitshiswa kwaye i-arc ilula ukucima.

B. I-negativity enamandla yegesi ye-SF6 yindlela eyomeleleyo yeemolekyuli zegesi okanye ii-athomu zokuvelisa ii-ion ezingalunganga.Ii-electron eziveliswa yi-arc ionization zinamandla

I-adsorbed yigesi ye-SF6 kunye neemolekyuli ze-halogenated kunye ne-athomu eziveliswa kukubola kwayo, ngoko ke ukuhamba kwamasuntswana ahlawuliweyo kuyancipha kakhulu, kwaye

kuba iiyoni ezingalunganga kunye neeyoni ezilungileyo zincitshiswa ngokulula kwiimolekyuli ezingathathi hlangothi kunye neeathomu.Ngoko ke, ukunyamalala kwe-conductivity kwisithuba se-gap kakhulu

ngokukhawuleza.I-conductivity ye-gap ye-arc iyancipha ngokukhawuleza, ebangela ukuba i-arc icime.

(2) Ngokohlobo lwesakhiwo, lunokwahlulwa lube yi-porcelain pole circuit breaker kunye ne-tank circuit breaker.

(3) Ngokobume besixhobo sokusebenza, yahlulwe yaba yi-electromagnetic operating mechanism breaker, indlela yokusebenza yehydraulic.

i-circuit breaker, i-pneumatic operating mechanism breaker, i-spring operating mechanism breaker kunye ne-performance magnetic operating mechanism

umephuli wojikelezo.

(4) Ikwahlulwe ibe yi-single-breaker circuit breaker kunye ne-multi-break circuit breaker ngokwenani lekhefu;I-multi-breaker circuit breaker yahlulwe

kwi-breaker circuit kunye ne-equalizing capacitor kunye ne-circuit breaker ngaphandle kokulinganisa i-capacitor.

3, Isakhiwo esisisiseko se-breaker circuit

Isakhiwo esisisiseko somnqamlezo wesiphaluka sibandakanya isiseko, indlela yokusebenza, into yokuhambisa, into yokuxhasa i-insulation, i-breaking element, njl.

Isakhiwo esisisiseko somqhekezi wesiphaluka esiqhelekileyo siboniswe kumzobo.

Isici sokuqhawula: Yinxalenye ephambili ye-breaker circuit ukudibanisa kunye nokukhupha isiphaluka.

Isiqalelo sothumelo: umyalelo wogqithiselo lomsebenzi kunye nokusebenza kwamandla ekinetic kumfowunelwa oshukumayo.

Into yokuxhasa i-insulating: ukuxhasa umzimba we-circuit breaker, thwala amandla okusebenza kunye nemikhosi eyahlukeneyo yangaphandle yento eqhekezayo, kwaye uqinisekise umhlaba.

Ukugquma kwento eqhekezayo.

Indlela yokusebenza: isetyenziselwa ukunika amandla okusebenza okuvula nokuvala.

Isiseko: isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa kunye nokulungisa i-breaker circuit.