Uqhagamshelo oluphambili lombane lubhekisa ikakhulu kwisekethe eyenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nokuhanjiswa kwamandla amiselweyo kunye nokusebenza

iimfuno kwizityalo zamandla, izitishi kunye neenkqubo zamandla, kwaye ibonisa ubudlelwane bokudibanisa phakathi kombane ophezulu we-voltage

izixhobo.Uqhagamshelwano oluphambili lombane luthungelwano lwamandla ombane kunye nokuhanjiswa kwesekethe kunye nemigca engenayo nephumayo

yonikezelo lwamandla njengekhonkco elisisiseko kunye nebhasi njengekhonkco eliphakathi.

Ngokubanzi, iintambo eziphambili zombane kunye nezikhululo ezincinci ziya kuhlangabezana nezi mfuno zilandelayo:

1) Qinisekisa ukuthembeka kombane ofunekayo kunye nomgangatho wamandla ngokweemfuno zenkqubo kunye nabasebenzisi.Ithuba elincinci

ukuphazamiseka kokunyanzeliswa kokunikezelwa kwamandla ngexesha lokusebenza, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwe-wiring.

2) Iingcingo eziphambili ziya kuba bhetyebhetye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza zenkqubo yamandla kunye nezixhobo eziphambili, kunye

iya kuba lula ukugcinwa.

3) Ucingo oluphambili luya kuba lula kwaye lucace, kwaye ukusebenza kuya kuba lula, ukuze kuncitshiswe amanyathelo okusebenza afunekayo

igalelo okanye ukususwa kwezinto eziphambili.

4) Phantsi komqathango wokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno zingentla, utyalo-mali kunye neendleko zokusebenza zincinci.

5) Ithuba lokwandiswa.

Xa kukho imigca emininzi engenayo nephumayo (ngaphezu kweesekethe ezi-4), ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuqokelela kunye nokusasazwa kwamandla ombane,

ibhasi idla ngokusetwa njengekhonkco eliphakathi.

Kubandakanywa: uxhumano lwebhasi enye, uxhumano lwebhasi ephindwe kabini, uxhumano lwe-3/2, uxhumano lwe-4/3, uxhumano lweqela lebhasi ye-transformer.

Xa inani lemigca engenayo nephumayo lincinci (ngaphantsi okanye lilingana neesekethe ezi-4), ukwenzela ukugcina utyalo-mali, akukho bhasi inokumiselwa.

Kubandakanya: i-unit wiring, i-bridge wiring kunye ne-angle wiring.

1, Uqhagamshelo lwebhasi enye

Uqhagamshelo neqela elinye kuphela lebhasi libizwa ngokuba ludibaniso lwebhasi enye, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1.

Isazobe soku-1 somzobo woqhagamshelo lwebhasi enye

Uphawu lokuqhagamshelwa kwebhasi enye kukuba umbane kunye neentambo zombane zixhunyiwe kwiqela elifanayo leebhasi.Kwi

Umyalelo wokutshintsha okanye ukusika nawuphi na umgca ongenayo okanye ophumayo, ukhokelo ngalunye luxhotyiswe ngesaphuli sesekethe esinokuvula okanye sivale isekethe.

phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza (njengoko kuboniswe kwi-DL1 kuMfanekiso 1).Xa kuyimfuneko ukugcina i-breaker circuit kwaye uqinisekise i

unikezelo lwamandla oluqhelekileyo lwezinye iilayini, iiswitshi ezikwahlulayo (i-G1 ～ G4) ziya kufakwa kumacala omabini eqhekeza ngalinye lesekethe.Umsebenzi we

i-disconnector kukuqinisekisa ukuba i-breaker circuit ibekwe yodwa kwezinye iindawo eziphilayo ngexesha lolungiso, kodwa hayi ukunqumla umsinga

isiphaluka.Njengoko i-breaker circuit inesixhobo sokucima i-arc, kodwa i-disconnector ayinayo, i-disconnector kufuneka ilandele umgaqo we-arc.

"Yenza ngaphambi kwekhefu" ngexesha lokusebenza: xa udibanisa isiphaluka, i-disconnector kufuneka ivalwe kuqala;Emva koko vala i-breaker circuit;

Xa uqhawula isiphaluka, i-breaker circuit iya kunqanyulwa kuqala, kwaye emva koko i-disconnector.Ukongeza, i-disconnector inako

zisetyenzwe kwimeko ye-equipotential.

Iingenelo eziphambili zokudityaniswa kwebhasi enye: ilula, icacile, ilula ukusebenza, akulula ukuyiphatha kakubi, utyalo-mali oluncinci, kwaye kulula ukwandisa.

Izinto ezingeloncedo eziphambili zebhasi enye: xa isiqhagamshelwano sebhasi sisilela okanye sigqithiselwe, zonke izixhobo zombane kufuneka zinqunyanyiswe, okukhokelela ekubeni

ukusilela kwamandla kwesixhobo sonke.Ukongezelela, xa i-breaker circuit igqitywe, isiphaluka kufuneka siphinde simiswe ngexesha lonke

ixesha lokulungisa.Ngenxa yezi ntsilelo zingentla, uxhulumaniso lwebhasi enye alukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zobonelelo lwamandla kubasebenzisi ababalulekileyo.

Umda wokusetyenziswa koqhagamshelo lwebhasi enye: iyasebenza kwizityalo zamandla ezincinci neziphakathi okanye izitishi ezinejenereyitha enye kuphela.

okanye i-transformer enye kunye neesekethe ezimbalwa eziphumayo kwiisistim ze-6 ~ 220kV.

2. Uqhagamshelo lwecandelo lebhasi enye

Ukungalungi koqhagamshelwano lwebhasi enye kunokoyiswa ngendlela yecandelwana, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 2.

Umzobo we-2 i-Wiring yeCandelo leBhasi enye

Xa i-breaker circuit ifakwe phakathi kwebhasi, ibhasi ihlulwe ibe ngamacandelo amabini, ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzisi ababalulekileyo banikwe amandla

imigca emibini eqhagamshelwe kumacandelo amabini ebhasi.Xa naliphi na icandelo lebhasi lisilela, bonke abasebenzisi ababalulekileyo abayi kunqunyulwa.Ukongeza, iibhasi ezimbini

amacandelo angacocwa kwaye agqitywe ngokwahlukileyo, anokunciphisa ukusilela kwamandla kubasebenzisi.

Ngenxa yokuba iintambo zecandelo lebhasi enye ayigcini nje ngokugcina izibonelelo zocingo lwebhasi enye ngokwayo, njengokulula, uqoqosho kunye

ilula, kodwa ikwanceda ukusilela kwayo ukuya kumlinganiselo othile, kwaye ubhetyebhetye lomsebenzi uyaphuculwa (inokusebenza ngokunxuseneyo okanye

imiqolo eyahlukileyo), le ndlela yocingo isetyenziswe ngokubanzi.

Nangona kunjalo, iintambo ezicandisiweyo zebhasi enye nazo zinentswelo enkulu, oko kukuthi, xa icandelo lebhasi okanye nasiphi na isiqhagamshelwano sebhasi sisilela.

okanye igqitywe, zonke iintambo eziqhagamshelwe ebhasini ziya kucinywa umbane ixesha elide ngexesha lolungiso.Ngokucacileyo, oku akuvumelekanga

izityalo ezinkulu ezinomthamo kunye nezikhululo ze-hub.

Umda wokusetyenziswa kweentambo zecandelo lebhasi enye: zisebenza kwiintambo ze-6 ~ 10kV zezixhobo zombane ezincinci neziphakathi kunye ne-6 ~ 220kV izikhululo ezincinci.

3, Ibhasi enye enoqhagamshelo lwebhasi yokudlula

Ibhasi enye enoqhagamshelo lwebhasi yokudlula iboniswe kuMfanekiso 3.

Isazobe 3 Ibhasi enye enebhasi yokudlula

Umsebenzi webhasi ye-bypass: ukugcinwa kwanoma yiyiphi i-breakers yesiphaluka engenayo kunye nephumayo inokwenziwa ngaphandle kokungaphumeleli kombane.

Amanyathelo olondolozo olungaphazamisekiyo lwe-circuit breaker QF1:

1) Sebenzisa i-bypass circuit breaker QF0 ukuhlawula ibhasi yokudlula i-W2, vala i-QSp1 kunye ne-QSp2, uze uvale i-GFp.

2) Emva kokutshaja ngempumelelo, yenza i-circuit breaker ephumayo i-QF1 kunye ne-bypass circuit breaker QF0 isebenze ngokufanayo kwaye uvale i-QS13.

3) Phuma kwi-circuit breaker QF19 kwaye utsale i-QF1, i-QS12 kunye ne-QS11.

4) Ukuxhoma ucingo oluphantsi komhlaba (okanye imela yokumisa) kumacala omabini e-QF1 ukwenzela ukugcinwa.

Imigaqo yokumiswa kwebhasi yokudlula:

1) Iintambo ze-10kV azimiswanga ngokubanzi kuba abasebenzisi ababalulekileyo banikwa amandla ambini;Ixabiso lesekethe ye-10kV

i-breaker iphantsi, kwaye i-breaker circuit yokulinda ekhethekileyo kunye ne-handcart circuit breaker inokusetwa.

2) iintambo ze-35kV azimiswanga ngezizathu ezifanayo, kodwa le miqathango ilandelayo inokuqwalaselwa kwakhona: xa kukho

iisekethe ezininzi eziphumayo (ngaphezu kwe-8);Kukho abasebenzisi ababaluleke ngakumbi kunye nonikezelo lwamandla omnye.

3) Xa kukho iintambo ezininzi eziphumayo ze-110kV nangaphezulu, zidla ngokumiswa ngenxa yexesha elide lokulondolozwa.

ye-breaker circuit (iintsuku ezi-5-7);Impembelelo yobubanzi bokucinywa komgca mkhulu.

4) Ibhasi ye-bypass ayifakwanga kwizityalo zombane ezincinci kunye neziphakathi ngenxa yokuba ukugcinwa kwe-breaker circuit.

zilungiswe ngexesha lonyaka lamanzi akrakra.

4. Uqhagamshelo lwebhasi kabini

Imowudi yoqhagamshelo lwebhasi ephindwe kabini indululwa kwiintsilelo zoqhagamshelo lwecandelo lebhasi enye.Imowudi yoqhagamshelo yayo esisiseko yi

kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4, oko kukuthi, ukongeza kwibhasi esebenzayo 1, iqela le-standby bus 2 yongezwa.

Umzobo 4 Uqhagamshelo lwebhasi kabini

Kuba kukho amaqela amabini ebhasi, anokusetyenziswa njengendawo yokulinda enye kwenye.Amaqela amabini eebhasi adityaniswe ngeqhina lebhasi

i-circuit breaker DL, kwaye isiphaluka ngasinye sixhunyiwe kumaqela amabini ebhasi ngokusebenzisa i-breaker circuit kunye ne-disconnectors ezimbini.

Ngethuba lokusebenza, i-disconnector exhunywe kwibhasi esebenzayo ixhunyiwe kwaye i-disconnector ixhunyiwe kwibhasi yokulinda

iqhawulwe.

Iimpawu zokudityaniswa kweebhasi ezimbini:

1) Thatha ithuba lokulungisa ibhasi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukunikezelwa kombane.Xa ulungisa i-disconnector yebhasi nayiphi na isiphaluka, kuphela

qhawula isekethe.

2) Xa ibhasi esebenzayo ihluleka, zonke iisekethe ziyakwazi ukudluliselwa kwibhasi yokulinda, ukwenzela ukuba isixhobo sinokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza ukunikezelwa kwamandla.

3) Xa ulungisa i-circuit breaker yaso nasiphi na isiphaluka, ukunikezelwa kombane wesiphaluka akuyi kuphazamiseka ixesha elide.

4) Xa i-breaker circuit yesekethe nganye ifuna ukuvavanywa ngokwahlukileyo, isekethe inokwahlulwa kwaye iqhagamshelwe

ibhasi yokulinda ngokwahlukeneyo.

Owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo wokudityaniswa kwebhasi kabini kukutshintsha ibhasi.Oku kulandelayo kubonisa amanyathelo okusebenza ngokuthatha i

ukugcinwa kwebhasi yokusebenza kunye ne-breaker circuit ephumayo njengomzekelo.

(1) Ibhasi yomsebenzi wokulungisa

Ukulungisa ibhasi esebenzayo, zonke izixhobo zombane kunye neentambo kufuneka zitshintshelwe kwibhasi yokulinda.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, jonga kuqala ukuba ngaba imo yokulinda

Ibhasi ikwimeko entle.Indlela yokudibanisa i-DL ye-bus tie breaker ukwenza ibhasi yokulinda iphile.Ukuba ibhasi yokulinda ihluphekile

i-insulation okanye impazamo, i-breaker circuit iya kuqhawula ngokuzenzekelayo phantsi kwesenzo sesixhobo sokukhusela i-relay;Xa kungekho mpazamo

ibhasi esecaleni, i-DL iya kuhlala ixhunyiwe.Ngeli xesha, ekubeni amaqela amabini eebhasi ane-equipotential, zonke ii-disconnectors kwi-standby

ibhasi inokudityaniswa kuqala, kwaye ke zonke iziqhagamshelo kwibhasi esebenzayo zinokunqunyulwa, ukuze ukuhanjiswa kwebhasi kugqitywe.Ekugqibeleni,

i-bus tie breaker DL kunye ne-disconnector phakathi kwayo kunye nebhasi esebenzayo kufuneka ikhutshwe.Ukuze zibekwe zodwa ukuze zigcinwe.

(2) Lungisa i-breaker circuit kumgca omnye ophumayo

Umzobo 5 Isiqhekeza esiphindwe kabini sokugcinwa kwebhasi

Xa ulungisa i-breaker circuit kuwo nawuphi na umgca ophumayo ngaphandle kokulindela ukuba umgca ucinywe ixesha elide, umzekelo,

xa ulungisa isaphuli sesekethe kumgca ophumayo u-L kuMfanekiso 5, sebenzisa kuqala i-bus tie breaker DL1 ukuvavanya ukuba ibhasi yokulinda ingaphakathi.

imeko elungileyo, oko kukuthi, qhawula i-DL1, emva koko uqhawule i-DL2 kunye nokuqhawula i-G1 kunye ne-G2 kumacala omabini, emva koko uqhawule unxibelelwano

isidibanisi se-circuit breaker DL2, buyisela i-DL2 ye-circuit breaker kunye ne-jumper yethutyana, kwaye emva koko uqhagamshele i-disconnector G3.

iqhagamshelwe kwibhasi yokulinda, Emva koko vala isiqhagamli secala lomgca G1, kwaye ekugqibeleni uvale isaphuli seqhina lebhasi DL1, ukuze umgca L ubekwe.

ukusebenza kwakhona.Ngeli xesha, i-bus tie i-circuit breaker ithatha indawo yomsebenzi we-circuit breaker, ukuze umgca L uqhubeke.

ukunika amandla.

Ukushwankathela, inzuzo ephambili yebhasi ephindwe kabini kukuba inkqubo yebhasi inokugqithwa ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukunikezelwa kwamandla.Nangona kunjalo,

Uqhagamshelo lwebhasi ephindwe kabini lunokungalungi kulandelayo:

1) I-wiring inzima.Ukuze unike umdlalo opheleleyo kwiinzuzo zokudityaniswa kwebhasi kabini, imisebenzi emininzi yokutshintsha kufuneka ibe

lwenziwe, ngakumbi xa isixhumi sithathwa njengesixhobo sombane esisebenzayo, ekulula ukubangela iingozi ezinkulu.

ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle.

2) Xa ibhasi esebenzayo ihluleka, umbane uya kunqunyulwa ixesha elifutshane ngexesha lokutshintsha ibhasi.Nangona i-bus tie circuit breaker can

kusetyenziselwa ukutshintsha i-breaker circuit ngexesha lokugcinwa, ixesha elifutshane lokuphuma kombane kusafuneka ngexesha lofakelo kunye

ukudityaniswa kwemivalo ye-jumper, engavumelekanga kubasebenzisi ababalulekileyo.

3) Inani labaqhawuki bebhasi lonyuke kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa noqhagamshelo lwebhasi enye, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa indawo yomgangatho wamandla.

izixhobo zokusasaza notyalo-mali.

5, Ukudityaniswa kwebhasi ephindwe kabini kunye nebhasi yokudlula

Ukuze ugweme ukusilela kwamandla ngexesha elifutshane ngexesha lokugcinwa kwe-breaker circuit, ingasetyenziswa ibhasi ephindwe kabini enebhasi edlulayo, njengoko kubonisiwe.

kuMfanekiso 6.

Isazobe 6 Ibhasi ephindwe kabini enoqhagamshelo lwebhasi yokudlula

Ibhasi ye-3 kuMzobo 6 yibhasi ye-bypass, kunye ne-circuit breaker DL1 yi-breaker circuit exhunywe kwi-bypass bus.Ikwindawo evaliweyo

ngexesha lomsebenzi oqhelekileyo.Xa kuyimfuneko ukulungisa nayiphi na i-breaker circuit, i-DL1 ingasetyenziselwa endaweni yokubangela ukusilela kwamandla.Umzekelo,

xa i-circuit breaker DL2 kumgca L ifuna ukulungiswa, i-circuit breaker DL1 inokuvalwa ukunika amandla ibhasi yokudlula, emva koko i-bypass ibhasi

i-disconnector G4 inokuvalwa, ekugqibeleni i-circuit breaker DL2 inokukhutshwa, kwaye emva koko i-disconnectors G1, G2, G3 inokukhutshwa.

ukulungisa i-DL2.

Kwibhasi enye kunye noqhagamshelo lwebhasi ephindwe kabini echazwe ngasentla, inani labaqhankqalazi besiphaluka likhulu ngokubanzi kunenani le

iisekethe ezidityanisiweyo.Ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu le-high-voltage circuit breakers, indawo yofakelo efunekayo nayo inkulu, ngakumbi xa

inqanaba lombane liphezulu, le meko ibonakala ngakumbi.Ngoko ke, inani labaqhekezi beesekethe liya kuncitshiswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka

ngokwembono yezoqoqosho.Xa kukho imigca embalwa ephumayo, ukudityaniswa kwebhulorho ngaphandle kwebhasi kunokuqwalaselwa.

Xa kukho ii-transformers ezimbini kuphela kunye nemigca emibini yothutho kwisekethe, ii-breaker circuit ezimbalwa ziyafuneka ukuze kudityaniswe ibhulorho.

Uqhagamshelwano lwebhulorho lunokwahlulwa lube "uhlobo lwebhulorho yangaphakathi" kunye "nohlobo lwebhuloho yangaphandle".

(1) Uqhagamshelwano lwebhulorho yangaphakathi

Umzobo wocingo wonxibelelwano lwebhulorho yangaphakathi uboniswe kuMfanekiso 7.

Umzobo 7 I-Wiring Bridge yangaphakathi

Uphawu loqhagamshelo lwebhulorho yangaphakathi kukuba ii-breakers ezimbini ze-DL1 kunye ne-DL2 ziqhagamshelwe kumgca, ngoko ke kulungele

qhawula kwaye ufake umgca.Xa umgca ungaphumeleli, kuphela i-breaker circuit yomgca iya kunqunyulwa, ngelixa enye isiphaluka kunye neebini

abaguquli banokuqhubeka nokusebenza.Ngoko ke, xa i-transformer enye ingaphumeleli, i-breakers ezimbini zesiphaluka ezixhunyiwe kwi-transformer ziya kuba

iqhawulwe, ukwenzela ukuba imigca efanelekileyo iya kuba ngaphandle kwenkonzo ixesha elifutshane.Ngoko ke, lo mda usebenza ngokubanzi kwimigca emide kunye

abaguquli abangafuni ukutshintsha rhoqo.

(2) Uqhagamshelwano lwebhulorho yangaphandle

Umzobo wocingo lwe-wiring yaseTshayina yaphesheya iboniswe kuMfanekiso 8.

Isazobe 8 iBridge Wiring yangaphandle

Iimpawu zoqhagamshelo lwebhulorho yangaphandle zichasene nonxibelelwano lwebhulorho yangaphakathi.Xa i-transformer ihluleka okanye idinga

ukuba inqanyulwe ngexesha lokusebenza, kuphela i-circuit breakers DL1 kunye ne-DL2 kufuneka ikhutshwe ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukusebenza komgca.

Nangona kunjalo, xa umgca ungaphumeleli, uya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-transformer.Ke ngoko, olu hlobo lonxibelelwano lufanelekile kwimeko apho

umgca umfutshane kwaye i-transformer idinga ukutshintshwa rhoqo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizitishi ezisezantsi ezisezantsi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuthembeka koxhumo lwebhuloho aluphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-disconnectors njengezixhobo zokusebenza.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezixhobo ezimbalwa ezisetyenzisiweyo, ukucwangciswa okulula kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, isasetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokuhambisa i-35 ~ 220kV.Ukongeza, ixesha elide

njengoko amanyathelo afanelekileyo athatyathiweyo ukulungiselela ukucwangciswa kwezixhobo zokuhambisa amandla, olu hlobo loqhagamshelwano lunokuphuhliswa kwibhasi enye okanye kabini

ibhasi, ngoko ingasetyenziswa njengodibaniso lotshintsho kwinqanaba lokuqala leprojekthi.